Vol. 8, Issue 1, Part C (2025)

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with a range of systemic complications, including hematological abnormalities. Patients with CKD often suffer from anemia due to reduced erythropoietin production, iron deficiency, and chronic inflammation. Additionally, CKD leads to alterations in WBC count, hematocrit, and platelet levels due to fluid retention, toxin accumulation, and increased oxidative stress. Hemodialysis plays a vital role in CKD management by removing excess fluid and toxins; however, it also induces significant changes in hematological parameters due to blood membrane interactions, anticoagulant use, and erythropoiesis stimulation.

Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the hematological changes in pre- and post hemodialysis in patients at B.J medical college and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, providing critical insights into the clinical implications of these variations.

Materials and Methods: This study includes data collected over six months from the Hematology section of the Pathology Department, B.J. Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. Blood samples from CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis were analyzed for Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (HCT), Platelet (PLT) count, and White Blood Cell (WBC) count pre- and post-dialysis. Statistical analysis was performed to assess significant changes.
Results: A total of 200 samples from100 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were studied, including 63 males and 37 females. Each patient had two samples analyzed, one from pre-dialysis and one from post-dialysis. Significant hematological changes were observed post-dialysis. The mean hemoglobin (Hb) level increased from 9.77 ± 1.68 g/dL pre-dialysis to 10.24 ± 1.71 g/dL post-dialysis (p < 0.0001), while the hematocrit (HCT) level rose from 30.20 ± 5.03% to 31.88 ± 5.71% (p < 0.0001). A notable decrease in platelet count was recorded, from 202.80 ± 60.44 × 10⁹/L pre-dialysis to 186.10 ± 60.37× 10⁹/L post-dialysis (p = 0.0006). Additionally, the white blood cell (WBC) count showed an increase from 6.88 ± 2.64 × 10⁹/L to 7.61 ± 2.49× 10⁹/L (p < 0.0001).