Vol. 8, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: Renal tumors constitute approximately 3% of all malignancies in adults. They form a heterogenous group with variable morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. 
Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the spectrum of adult renal tumors at a tertiary care center and study the demographic and histomorphological features. 
Materials and Method: This is Observational study conducted in Department of Pathology at B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad from November 2022 to Novemmber 2024 including cases of partial and radical nephrectomy specimens of adult patients.
Inclusion Criteria: All specimens of total, radical or partial nephrectomies performed for benign and malignant tumors of adult patients (≥17 years) with adequate histology material received at Histopathology Department.
Exclusion Criteria: Nephrectomies performed for non-tumorous conditions, paediatric tumour nephrectomies, needle biopsies carried out for tumours, biopsy with artefacts, inadequate material/data were excluded from the study.
Results: Out of 158 nephrectomy specimens 91 specimens were reported of adult renal tumor. Among 91 patients, 62(68.13%) were males and 29(31.86%) females. Mean age was 54.72 +/- 13.78 years (range; 17 - 100 years). Maximum cases of Adult renal tumors were found in middle aged individuals, the most common age group affected was 51-60 years followed by 41-50 years of age group. Hematuria followed by pain/lump in renal fossa were most common presenting symptoms. Malignant lesions comprised 91.20% of all masses and 8.79% of these were Benign lesions. Various subtypes of RCC included: clear cell RCC, 63 (69.23%); papillary RCC, 8 (8.79%); chromophobe RCC, 4 (4.39%) and Other malignant neoplasms were following; 5 cases (5.49%) of Multiloculated Cystic Renal Neoplasm, 2 case (2.19%) of Wilms tumour and 1 case (1.09%) of Ewing’s sarcoma. Benign renal tumours included 5 cases (6.06%) of Angiomyolipoma, 2 cases (2.19%) of oncocytoma and 1 case (1.09%) of Papillary adenomatosis (Table 1).
Conclusion: RCC was the commonest malignant tumor and clear cell RCC was the most common subtype. Most of the cases in our study were in ISUP grade 3 and TNM stage 3. Papillary RCC was second most common subtype. Tumor necrosis correlates with higher grade and tumor stage.