Vol. 7, Issue 3, Part B (2024)

Abstract: Broadly the whole gastrointestinal tract can be divided into upper and lower segments by taking the insertion of ligament of Treitz as a landmark. Lower gastrointestinal tract diseases are responsible for a great amount of morbidity. The microscopic analysis and the determination of histological types are thus helpful in deciding treatment options, predicting prognosis and conducting epidemiological studies and research. It is also useful to monitor the course of disease, extent of disease, to detect complications and asses response to therapy, also helping the surgeons to decide further management prior to resection, especially in malignant cases. An observational retrospective study of various biopsies was done at Pathology Department of B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. In the duration from January 2023 to September 2023. In this study, the specimens of small intestine, large intestine, appendix, rectum and anus were included. A total of 500 specimens were analysed. Results: Non-neoplastic lesions were more common than neoplastic lesions (473 out of 500). Lesions were more common in 2nd decade with male preponderance. most non-neoplastic lesions (473) were acute appendicitis (148), followed by chronic appendicitis (78) non-specific inflammation (63). Out of 27 neoplastic lesions, most common were of adenocarcinoma (13 cases) followed by neuroendocrine tumors. A wide variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions were diagnosed in the present study. The most common non-neoplastic lesion was acute appendicitis. and the most common neoplastic lesion was adenocarcinoma.