Vol. 7, Issue 3, Part A (2024)

Abstract: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its intricate pathophysiology and the severe side effects associated with current treatments. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa, is well known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, yet its effects on hematological malignancies like leukemia remain insufficiently explored. This study investigates the impact of Curcumin longa extract on leukemia cells, focusing on cell viability, apoptosis, and morphological changes. Blood samples from AML patients were treated with various concentrations of the extract and incubated for different durations. The results demonstrated a dose- and time-dependent increase in leukemia cell destruction, with up to 88.89% cell death observed at higher extract concentrations and extended exposure times. Microscopic analysis revealed significant morphological changes, including nuclear condensation, cell membrane disruption, and other apoptosis-related features, indicating that curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits leukemia cell proliferation. These findings suggest that curcumin possesses potent cytotoxic effects on leukemia cells and could serve as a valuable adjunct in leukemia therapy. Further research, including clinical trials, is necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of curcumin in leukemia patients and to explore potential synergistic effects with existing chemotherapy agents. This study delineates the potential of curcumin as a less toxic and more effective therapeutic option for leukemia.