Vol. 7, Issue 3, Part A (2024)

Background: Hysterectomy is the most commonly performed gynecological surgery as the female reproductive system has been affected by various non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions during the life time of a woman. It should be performed when the risk of preserving the uterus is greater than its removal or when the disabling symptoms for which there is no successful medical treatment. The gross morphology of uterus quite dramatically changed throughout life by changing levels of ovarian hormones.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 279 hysterectomy specimens reported to Department of Pathology over a period of one year from June 2023 to June 2024. Surgical specimens were formalin fixed and the tissue was adequately processed for histopathological examination. The sections were stained routinely with hematoxylin and eosin stain. They were compared in terms of age of the patients and pathology of hysterectomy specimens.

Results: The most common clinical indication was fibroid uterus in 112 cases (40.14%) and uterine prolapsed 78 cases (27.95%). Of the 279 cases, half of the cases (51.25%) were encountered in the age group of 40 - 49 years which was the most common age group. Proliferative phase of endometrium was the commonest finding in 108 cases (38.70%). In case of myometrium, 70 leiomyomas were noted. On histomorphology study of cervical lesions, chronic cervicitis was commonest finding in 131 (46.95%) cases.

Conclusions: A wide range of lesions are encountered when hysterectomy specimens are subjected to histopathological examination. Few lesions were encountered as incidental findings. Hence, it is important that every hysterectomy specimen should be subjected to detailed gross and histopathological examination for better postoperative management.