Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a primary ethology for high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells like transcript-1 (sTLT-1) is a membrane-bound soluble protein released by α-granules. This work was aimed assessing the (sTLT-1) levels among various ACS types with further evaluation of its correlation with other clinical & laboratory parameters.

Methods: Sixty newly diagnosed ST segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI), NSTEMI and unstable angina (UA) patients were involved in our research. In addition, twenty healthy individuals served as control. Participants went through a categorization into the following groups: The first group includes sixty patients suffering from ACS which is subdivided into three equal subgroups: a) STEMI, b) NSTEMI and c) UA. The second group includes twenty healthy individuals (control group).

Results: The main important finding in the present work was significantly increase in sTLT-1 levels in ACS group compared to control group (p<0.001). A positive relationship between sTLT-1 and triglyceride (r=0.349, p=0.006), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (R=0.270, P=0.037) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (r=0.259, p=0.046) was documented. A negative relationship between sTLT-1 and HDL (r= -0.262, p=0.043) was documented. No significant association between sTLT-1 and fasting blood glucose (FBG), post prandial blood glucose (PPFBG), age, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), cholesterol, hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit, white blood cell (WBCs), creatine kinase-myoglobin binding (CK MB), troponin, platelets count and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusions: ACS is associated with increased level of sTLT-1 suggesting that sTLT-1 could be a potential diagnostic marker in ACS.