Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a dangerous cancer of the blood-forming stem cells, which leads to a rise in the number of myeloid cells in the bone marrow. This may cause severe infections, bleeding, or the invasion of organs, ultimately leading in death. This research aimed to evaluate the significance of serum interleukin IL-35 levels in individuals with AML.

Methods: Serum IL-35 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and evaluated as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis.

Results: There was positive significant correlation between serum IL-35 level and Age, WBC, peripheral blood blasts, BM blasts, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cluster of differentiation (CD) 45, myeloperoxidase (MPO), human leukocyte antigen - DR isotype (HLA-DR) and CD34 (p<0.001). There was significant negative correlation between serum IL35 level and platelets, CD13 and CD 117 (p <0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001 respectively). While there was no significant correlation between serum IL35 level and haemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 1st hr, CD14, CD33 and CD64. ROC curve analysis showed that serum IL-35 had diagnostic value for AML with 92% sensitivity, 90% specificity.

Conclusions: Serum IL 35 level may have a role in the diagnosis of AML. Serum IL 35 correlates positively with prognostic markers as age, complete blood count (CBC) parameters, peripheral blood blasts, BM blasts, serum LDH, HLA-DR and CD 34, so it may be a useful prognostic marker.