Background: A broad range of pathological conditions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions are commonly encountered in the ovary in routine practice. Majority of the ovarian neoplasms are benign and is also a common site for malignancy, even though metastasis can occcur. Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer among women in India. Histopathological examination plays a major role in diagnosing these lesions.
Aim: The aim of present study is to assess the frequency of ovarian lesions and to study the gross and histopathological patterns of different ovarian lesions.
Materials and Method: The present study is a retrospective study conducted for a period of 2 months. Clinical data, gross findings and histopathology slides were retrieved using simple random sampling technique. A total of 100 cases were studied. Results thus obtained was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version.
Results: Of the 100 ovarian lesions, 64% were non-neoplastic lesions and 36% were neoplastic. Age group ranges from 20 to 82 years with fourth decade being the most common age group affected in our study. 83% of ovarian lesions are cystic, 11% are solid and 6% are partly solid and cystic. Among the non-neoplastic lesions surface inclusion cysts were more common (43.8%). Out of all the ovarian neoplasms surface epithelial tumours were most common 30 out of 36 cases (83.3%) followed by germ cell tumours (16.7%). Benign tumours are more common compared to their malignant counterpart.
Conclusion: Ovarian lesions show diverse histological types due to its complex architecture. Non-neoplastic lesions are more common than the neoplastic lesions. Histopathological examination is necessary in diagnosing and categorizing all ovarian lesions for proper treatment and patient care.
