Vol. 4, Issue 2, Part C (2021)

Background and Objectives: Ovarian tumors include a wide array of neoplasms characterized by varied morphological attributes and clinical manifestations. Accurate histopathological classification, together with immunohistochemistry (IHC) profiling, is essential for prognostic prediction and treatment decision-making. The objective of this study was to assess the morphological and immunohistochemical features of ovarian cancers and to connect these findings with clinical outcomes. Material and Methods: This prospective study, conducted over three years, involved 50 patients with histologically confirmed ovarian cancers. We used hematoxylin and eosin staining to look at the morphological properties of tissue sections that had been fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. We used IHC markers including CK7, WT1, CA-125, ER, PR, and Ki-67 to get more information about the cells. Clinical data, encompassing age, parity, tumor stage, and follow-up outcomes, were documented and analyzed in relation to pathological results. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between morphological/IHC patterns and clinical outcomes. Results: The majority of the ovarian tumors (36 out of 50) were epithelial, whereas a small number were germ cell and sex cord-stromal. Serous carcinoma accounted for 55.5% of all epithelial tumors. The clinical result was poor and the stage was progressed when the Ki-67 labeling index was high (p<0.05). In serous carcinoma, WT1 and CK7 were very positive, whereas AFP and PLAP were expressed in germ cell malignancies. In epithelial malignancies, a better prognosis was substantially linked to positive ER and PR expression (p<0.05). While benign and borderline tumors had excellent prognoses, patients with high-grade serous carcinoma had the worst survival results. Conclusion: Ovarian cancers can be better predicted using morphological categorization in conjunction with immunohistochemistry profiling. When it comes to subtyping and clinical outcome prediction, IHC markers like Ki-67, ER, PR, and WT1 are invaluable. The diagnostic accuracy and patient care techniques can be improved by integrating histology and IHC findings.