Histomorphological spectrum and who grading of glioma in paediatric population

In this study of glial tumor, we present epidemiologic data on incidence, demographics, clinical characteristics and symptoms, and the grade of glioma. This study was a retrospective medical record‑based observational study of 50 cases carried out during June 2017 to June 2020 (3 years) in Department of Pathology B.J.M.C. and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. All patients <18 years of age with confirmed histopathological diagnosis of glioma were included in the study. Low-grade gliomas were present in 86% and High-grade glioma in 14%.The overall male: female ratio was 1.17:1. 52% of all glioma were located in infratentorial region. Among the glioma located in spinal cord, majority were ependymoma. Astrocytoma was the most common brain tumor (60%) followed by ependymoma (36%). Oligodendroglial and Glioblastoma comprised of only 4% each. Time interval between onset of symptom and seeking medical attention was <3 weeks in 48% patients. Presenting complains commonly included headache (56%) followed by focal deficit and altered sensorium. Conclusion after comparing our data with study results of major institutes across India is that Astrocytoma is the most common histological subtype among all glioma. But according to WHO grading and histological type Ependymoma Grade II (30%) is the most common subtype encountered in our study which differed from other reference studies.