Histopathological subtypes of breast cancer and its correlation with various prognostic factors

The role of the pathologist in the evaluation of breast cancer now transcends that of determining the correct morphologic diagnosis, including the grading and staging of the cancer. Lumpectomy or modified radical mastectomy is the most commonly used tools for disease management. The objective of this study is to identify the clinical, macroscopic and microscopic examination of breast cancer which evaluates details like age, laterality, tumor size, stage, grade, lympho-vascular invasion and lymph node status. The study comprised a total of 212 breast cancer patients of which 209 were females. The mean age was 51.16 years. Majority of female patients were within age group 41 to 50 years. Left breast was more commonly involved than right breast. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common observed histological type of breast carcinoma. Grade II tumors were most frequent followed by Grade III and Grade I. Maximum 125 cases (59%) were 2-5 cm size. Mean size was 4.8 cm. There was increased incidence of Lymphovascular invasion as grade increased. Maximum number of lymphnode involvement was seen in grade II followed by grade III cases. Present study provides significance of various prognostic factors in breast cancer.